"Ousted Bangladesh PM's media appearance strains India-Bangladesh bilateral ties"
Neighbourhood First Policy
India's foreign policy prioritising stable, cooperative relations with immediate neighbours.
Extradition Treaty (2013)
India-Bangladesh legal framework for surrender of accused persons, subject to key exceptions.
India and Bangladesh share one of South Asia's most consequential bilateral relationships, rooted in the 1971 Liberation War in which India provided decisive military, diplomatic, and humanitarian support for Bangladesh's creation. The two countries share a 4,156-km border — one of the world's longest — across West Bengal, Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, and Mizoram, along with extensive river-water linkages, trade corridors, and deep cultural ties. Bangladesh has been a cornerstone of India's 'Neighbourhood First' policy, which prioritises stable, cooperative relations with immediate neighbours to secure India's strategic periphery.
The bilateral relationship has historically been shaped by a structural fragility: Bangladesh's domestic politics oscillates between the Awami League and the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP), with the military periodically intervening — meaning any change of government in Dhaka can rapidly alter the bilateral equation with New Delhi. Key legal and treaty frameworks governing the relationship include the India-Bangladesh Extradition Treaty of 2013, the Ganges Water Treaty of 1996 (a 30-year agreement on Ganga/Padma water sharing), and the Land Boundary Agreement of 2015, which resolved the long-standing enclave problem by exchanging 162 enclaves. The still-unresolved Teesta water-sharing question remains a persistent irritant.
For nearly two decades, the Awami League government maintained broadly India-friendly ties, cooperating on counter-insurgency operations against North-East Indian insurgent groups, transit connectivity, and expanding bilateral trade. However, this relationship was complicated by undercurrents of public sentiment in Bangladesh that viewed India's influence with suspicion — a dynamic that the 2024 political upheaval has brought sharply to the surface.
The 2024 student-led mass uprising in Bangladesh was triggered by protests against a quota system in government jobs. It resulted in the abrupt departure of the then-Prime Minister and her flight to India, creating an unprecedented diplomatic situation: India found itself hosting a leader whose successor government in Dhaka was demanding her return to face trial. This placed New Delhi at the intersection of extradition law, political asylum norms, and bilateral diplomacy simultaneously.
The India-Bangladesh Extradition Treaty of 2013 provides the primary legal framework for the surrender of accused persons between the two countries. However, the treaty contains critical exceptions — notably the political offence exception and the dual criminality requirement — which mean that extradition is not automatic and involves significant legal and political discretion on the part of the requested state. …
Which of the following statements about 'Exercise Mitra Shakti-2023' are correct?
1.This was a joint military exercise between India and Bangladesh.
2.It commenced in Aundh (Pune).
3.Joint response during counter-terrorism operations was a goal of this operation.
4.Indian Air Force was a part of this exercise.
Select the answer using the code given below:
With reference to the India-Bangladesh Extradition Treaty, consider the following statements:
1.It was signed in 2013.
2.It contains a 'political offence exception' that can shield an accused from extradition.
3.India's domestic extradition procedures are governed by the Extradition Act, 1962.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Consider the following pairs:
Treaty/Agreement — Year
1.Ganges Water Treaty (India-Bangladesh) — 1996
2.Land Boundary Agreement (India-Bangladesh) — 2011
3.India-Bangladesh Extradition Treaty — 2013
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
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