"Bangladesh conditions bilateral visit on extradition of former leader sheltered in India"
Extradition Treaty
bilateral legal agreement obligating states to surrender accused/convicted persons to each other for trial or punishment.
International Crimes Tribunal (ICT)
Bangladesh's domestic court established to prosecute crimes against humanity, originally from the 1971 Liberation War.
India and Bangladesh share one of South Asia's most consequential bilateral relationships, rooted in the 1971 Liberation War in which India provided decisive military and diplomatic support for Bangladesh's independence from Pakistan. The two countries share a land border of approximately 4,156 km — longer than India's border with China — running through West Bengal, Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, and Mizoram. This geographic intimacy has made the relationship structurally important: the two countries share transboundary river systems, have deep cultural and linguistic ties, and are bound by a web of bilateral agreements covering trade, connectivity, security cooperation, and extradition.
The India-Bangladesh Extradition Treaty, signed in 2013, provides the legal framework for the transfer of fugitives between the two countries. Under this treaty, each party is obligated to extradite persons accused or convicted of extraditable offences upon a formal request from the other. The treaty has historically been invoked by India to secure the handover of insurgents and criminals sheltering in Bangladesh. The current diplomatic friction represents a reversal of that dynamic, with Dhaka formally invoking the treaty against New Delhi.
Bangladesh's political landscape underwent a dramatic rupture following the mass uprising of 2024, which ousted the long-ruling government and led to the departure of the former Prime Minister to India. An interim government under a Nobel laureate economist initially assumed power, followed by elections that brought the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) to office in early 2026 under the current Prime Minister. The new government has consistently framed the extradition demand as a matter of sovereign dignity and transitional justice.
Extradition in international law is the formal process by which one state surrenders an individual to another state for prosecution or punishment. It is governed by bilateral treaties and, in their absence, by principles of comity and reciprocity. Under the India-Bangladesh Extradition Treaty of 2013, extraditable offences include crimes punishable by at least one year of imprisonment in both countries. The treaty contains standard exceptions — political offences, double jeopardy, and cases where the requested state believes the individual may face persecution — which are typically invoked when a state is reluctant to comply.
The Bangladesh government's extradition request is complicated by several layers. The former leader has been convicted by Bangladesh's International Crimes Tribunal (ICT) — a domestic court established to try crimes committed during the 1971 Liberation War and subsequently used to prosecute political opponents — and sentenced to death. …
Which of the following statements about 'Exercise Mitra Shakti-2023' are correct?
1.This was a joint military exercise between India and Bangladesh.
2.It commenced in Aundh (Pune).
3.Joint response during counter-terrorism operations was a goal of this operation.
4.Indian Air Force was a part of this exercise.
Select the answer using the code given below:
What is the importance of developing Chabahar Port by India?
Consider the following statements regarding the India-Bangladesh Extradition Treaty:
1.The treaty was signed in 2013.
2.It covers offences punishable by imprisonment of at least one year in both countries.
3.The treaty contains no exception for political offences.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
With reference to India-Bangladesh relations, consider the following statements:
1.The land border between India and Bangladesh is longer than India's land border with China.
2.The Joint Rivers Commission (JRC) was established in 1972 to manage shared river systems.
3.Bangladesh is India's largest trading partner globally.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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