"UDISE+ 2025-26 Report Reveals Persistent Regional and Social Gaps in School Education"
Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER)
Total enrolment at a school level as a percentage of the eligible age-group population.
Pupil-Teacher Ratio (PTR)
Number of students per teacher; a proxy for instructional quality and teacher workload.
India's school education system is governed under a shared constitutional framework. Article 21A, inserted by the 86th Constitutional Amendment, 2002, makes free and compulsory education a fundamental right for children aged 6 to 14 years. This was operationalised through the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (RTE) Act, 2009. Education itself is a Concurrent List subject under the Seventh Schedule, so both the Union and State governments share responsibility for funding, regulation, and delivery.
The Unified District Information System for Education Plus (UDISE+) is the government's primary data-collection mechanism for school education. It covers all recognised schools across India and tracks enrolment, dropout rates, infrastructure, teacher availability, and social-category participation. It replaced the earlier DISE system and is managed by the Department of School Education and Literacy under the Ministry of Education. The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 set an ambitious target of raising the school-level Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) and explicitly committed to bridging gaps across social categories, regions, and genders. The Education Commission (1964–66) had earlier recommended spending at least 6% of GDP on education, a target India has not yet consistently met, with current expenditure hovering around 4% of GDP.
The Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) measures the total enrolment in a specific level of education as a percentage of the eligible age-group population. A GER above 100 indicates that children outside the official age group are also enrolled, often reflecting grade repetition or late entry. The Pupil-Teacher Ratio (PTR) measures the number of students per teacher and is a key proxy for instructional quality. The Gender Parity Index (GPI) compares female to male enrolment; a GPI above 1 means girls outnumber boys in enrolment.
The dropout rate is the share of students who leave school before completing a given stage. High dropout rates at the preparatory or middle level are particularly damaging because they prevent students from reaching secondary education, which is the threshold for meaningful labour-market participation. …
What is the purpose of 'Vidyanjali Yojana'?
1.To enable the famous foreign educational institutions to open their campuses in India.
2.To increase the quality of education provided in government schools by taking help from the private sector and the community.
3.To encourage voluntary monetary contributions from private individuals and organizations so as to improve the infrastructure facilities for primary and secondary schools.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
What is the aim of the programme 'Unnat Bharat Abhiyan'?
Which of the following correctly describes the constitutional basis for the Right to Education in India?
A.Article 45 of the original Constitution made education a fundamental right for children up to 14 years.
B.The 86th Constitutional Amendment inserted Article 21A, making education a fundamental right for children aged 6–14.
C.The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009 itself created the fundamental right to education.
D.Education is a Union List subject, making the Centre solely responsible for school education.
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