"MoRTH Proposes Mandatory V2V Communication Systems for New Vehicles by 2028"
V2V (Vehicle-to-Vehicle) Communication
wireless exchange of real-time speed, position, and direction data between nearby vehicles to warn of collision risks
C-V2X (Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything)
the wireless technology standard V2V uses, operating in the 5.875–5.925 GHz frequency band
India records among the highest road fatality counts in the world. The Motor Vehicles (Amendment) Act, 2019 was the most significant legislative overhaul of road safety governance in recent decades. It raised penalties for traffic violations, created the National Road Safety Board, and introduced provisions for electronic monitoring, marking a shift from purely punitive enforcement toward technology-assisted prevention. The Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH) has since pursued a multi-pronged strategy: vehicle safety ratings through the Bharat New Car Assessment Programme (BNCAP), infrastructure upgrades under the National Highways Authority of India (NHAI), and now connected-vehicle technologies.
The broader policy context is shaped by India's commitment to the UN Decade of Action for Road Safety, which set a global target of halving road fatalities. Domestically, the National Road Safety Policy has emphasised the 'five Es' framework, engineering, enforcement, education, emergency care, and environment. Despite these efforts, road crashes impose enormous costs, estimated at roughly 3% of GDP annually. The push for Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication is therefore part of a systemic effort to embed intelligence into the vehicle ecosystem itself, not an isolated technology experiment.
A critical enabling step came when the Department of Telecommunications (DoT) exempted the 5.875–5.925 GHz frequency band from licensing requirements. This spectrum clearance directly unlocks the technical foundation for V2V deployment at scale, allowing original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) to install the required hardware without separate regulatory approvals for each vehicle.
Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication is a subset of the broader Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) ecosystem. It enables nearby vehicles to exchange real-time data, speed, position, direction, and acceleration, wirelessly, using Cellular V2X (C-V2X) technology. The key hardware component is an On-Board Unit (OBU) installed in each vehicle. When one vehicle brakes suddenly, its OBU broadcasts a warning that nearby vehicles receive instantly, alerting their drivers before the braking vehicle even comes into visual range. The system typically operates within a range of 300 metres.
The critical distinction from conventional safety systems is that V2V works beyond the line of sight. Traditional systems like Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) rely on cameras and sensors that can only detect what the driver or the vehicle's sensors can directly see. …
What is the technology being employed for electronic toll collection on highways? What are its advantages and limitations? What are the proposed changes that will make this process seamless?
Give an account of the growth and development of nuclear science and technology in India. What is the advantage of fast breeder reactor programme in India?
Consider the following statements regarding India's proposed Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication system:
1.V2V systems use C-V2X technology in the 5.875–5.925 GHz frequency band.
2.The Department of Telecommunications has exempted this frequency band from licensing requirements.
3.Mandatory V2V fitment is required for all new vehicles manufactured on or after October 1, 2027.
4.The AIS-230 standard covers cybersecurity and GNSS road safety applications for V2V systems.
How many of the above statements are correct?
Match the following vehicle categories under India's proposed V2V mandate with their correct descriptions:
List I (Category) — List II (Description)
A.Category L — 1. Goods vehicles
B.Category M — 2. Two- and three-wheelers
C.Category N — 3. Cars and buses
Select the correct match using the codes below:
Consider the following statements about Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication and Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS):
Statement I: V2V communication can warn drivers about hazards beyond the driver's line of sight, such as around blind corners or behind large trucks.
Statement II: ADAS systems are therefore rendered redundant by V2V and need not be installed in V2V-fitted vehicles.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
With reference to India's Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication system, consider the following statements:
1.The On-Board Unit (OBU) installed in vehicles has a typical operational range of 300 metres.
2.The V2V system is analogous to the ADS-B technology used in the aviation sector.
3.OBUs are estimated to cost between Rs 5,000 and Rs 7,000 per vehicle.
4.The AIS-230 standard excludes cybersecurity provisions, which are to be addressed by a separate regulation.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
Which of the following correctly describes a key limitation of India's proposed Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication mandate from a road safety perspective?
Want the full note, Prelims Facts & MCQ answers?
Create a free account — takes less than a minute.
Create free account