"Viksit Bharat 2047 Vision: Targets, Priorities, and Growth Strategy Explained"
Viksit Bharat @2047
India's vision to achieve developed-nation status by the centenary of independence in 2047.
Amrit Kaal
The 25-year development road map from 2022 to 2047 framing India's policy priorities.
India's post-independence development planning has moved through several phases. The early decades relied on centralised five-year plans, with the state as the primary driver of investment. After liberalisation in 1991, market forces took a larger role. By the 2010s, a new approach emerged: long-horizon vision documents that set aspirational targets and invite whole-of-government coordination rather than prescriptive central planning.
The Viksit Bharat @2047 framework is the most ambitious expression of this approach. It was first articulated during the 76th Independence Day address, framing India's centenary of independence in 2047 as a target year for achieving developed-nation status. The accompanying concept of amrit kaal describes the 25-year road map from 2022 to 2047. The framework is anchored in five pledges called pancha prana: building a developed India, freedom from a colonial mindset, pride in heritage, strengthening national integrity, and upholding civic responsibility.
NITI Aayog has translated this vision into quantitative targets. The goal is to raise per capita income to $15,000–18,000, roughly five to six times current levels, and to grow the overall economy to $30 trillion GDP, more than seven times the current size. Achieving these targets requires sustained GDP growth of at least 7 per cent per year over the next two decades.
Sustaining 7 per cent annual growth for two decades is historically rare. Among large economies, only China and Singapore have maintained comparable rates for extended periods. China's experience between 1978 and 1997 is the most cited reference point. In 1980, India and China had broadly comparable GDP sizes. India's per capita income was actually higher at that point. Over the following two decades, China's singular focus on manufacturing transformed it into the world's factory and propelled it far ahead in both total GDP and per capita income. India, by contrast, developed its services sector and became known as the world's back office.
The Viksit Bharat framework explicitly draws on this comparison to argue that India must now pursue a different, more ambitious trajectory. The sapta dhara (seven streams), announced as the development agenda's priorities, are: manufacturing power, agriculture and food processing, technology and innovation, infrastructure and connectivity, self-reliance in defence production, green and blue economy, and soft power. …
'Investment in infrastructure is essential for more rapid and inclusive economic growth.' Discuss in the light of India's experience.
What is the status of digitalization in the Indian economy? Examine the problems faced in this regard and suggest improvements.
Can the strategy of regional resource-based manufacturing help in promoting employment in India?
With reference to the Viksit Bharat @2047 framework, consider the following statements:
1.NITI Aayog has projected a GDP target of $30 trillion, which is more than seven times the current GDP level.
2.Achieving the Viksit Bharat targets requires a sustained annual GDP growth rate of at least 8 per cent.
3.The framework was first articulated during the 76th Independence Day address.
4.The per capita income target under Viksit Bharat is $15,000–18,000, roughly five to six times the current level.
How many of the above statements are correct?
Consider the following pairs — Viksit Bharat sapta dhara (seven streams) and their primary policy focus:
1.Green and Blue Economy — Renewable energy and ocean/coastal resources
2.Self-reliance in Defence Production — Reducing import dependence and building domestic industrial capacity
3.Soft Power — Cultural diplomacy, education exports, and diaspora engagement
4.Agriculture and Food Processing — Supply chain investment and market linkages for farm produce
How many of the above pairs are correctly matched?
Consider the following statements regarding the India-China economic comparison relevant to the Viksit Bharat manufacturing argument:
1.In 1980, India's per capita income was higher than China's.
2.By 2000, China's total GDP had surpassed $1 trillion while India's remained below $500 billion.
3.China's economic surge between 1978 and 1997 was primarily driven by its services sector.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
With reference to the pancha prana (five pledges) of the Viksit Bharat framework, which of the following is NOT one of the five pledges?
Assertion (A): The Viksit Bharat @2047 framework represents a shift from centralised five-year planning to a long-horizon, whole-of-nation development vision.
Reason (R): NITI Aayog, which replaced the Planning Commission, functions as a policy think tank setting aspirational targets rather than allocating resources through binding plan outlays.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above Assertion and Reason?
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